Marvel of God's Creation 2: The Incubator = Bird

From: Subject: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Marvel_of_God'?= =?iso-8859-1?Q?s_Creation_2:_?= =?iso-8859-1?Q?The_Incubator_?= =?iso-8859-1?Q?Bird?= Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 20:59:37 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0211_01C3FFD0.1B6E26B0"; type="text/html" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.3314.1001 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0211_01C3FFD0.1B6E26B0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: =?iso-8859-1?B?aHR0cDovL3d3dy5oYXI=?= =?iso-8859-1?B?cnlwb3R0ZXJtYWdpYy4=?= =?iso-8859-1?B?b3JnL0V2b2x1dGlvbiU=?= =?iso-8859-1?B?MjBvZiUyMENyZWF0aW8=?= =?iso-8859-1?B?bmlzdC9NT0dDJTIwMDI=?= =?iso-8859-1?B?Lmh0bQ==?= Marvel of God's Creation 2: The Incubator = Bird

MARVEL OF = GOD'S=20 CREATION #2=20

The = Incubator Bird=20

The Megapode or "incubator bird" of Australia is = unique=20 among birds. This three to four pound bird resembles a chicken = or a=20 small turkey. Some native Australians call it the brush=20 turkey.

The incubator birds are unlike all other birds. = So, if=20 they evolved, from what did they evolve? Or what are they = evolving into?=20 A recent Scientific American article^[1]=20 offers precious little by way of an evolutionary explanation for = the=20 origins of this strange bird.
All birds use body heat to incubate their eggs = except the=20 incubator bird. =20

"Instead, they = pile up great=20 heaps of debris which serve as incubators; the warmth of the = fermenting=20 compost does the work. In one species, the scrub fowl, a mound = 20 feet=20 high and 50 feet wide has been reported." ^[2]=20

Instead of using its own body heat to incubate = its eggs=20 (as does the chicken who sits on her eggs), the incubator bird = uses=20 fermentation heat or "...some use solar heat and others the heat = produced by volcanic action." ^[3]

A bird that uses volcanic heat or the warmth of = fermenting=20 plant life to hatch its eggs: Incredible! If there are any = creatures=20 that could not possibly evolve, the Australian incubator bird = joins the=20 bombardier beetle as such a creature.

The female is responsible for two activities. = First, she=20 must test the nest to be sure it is adequate for incubating her = eggs.=20 What explanation can evolution offer for the ability of the hen = to=20 evaluate the suitability of a nest that may be dug three feet = into the=20 ground and extend 10 or more feet above ground and up to 50 feet = across?=20 And what would motivate a little three and one-half pound male = bird to=20 get busy constructing monstrous nest number two, should the hen = reject=20 his first effort?

After accepting the nest, the second = responsibility of the=20 female is performed. She lays 20 to 35 eggs at the rate of one = egg every=20 three days for up to seven months. "...As many as 16 eggs can = exist in a=20 normal mound at any one time." ^[4] Each=20 egg weighs about a half a pound and is as large as an ostrich = egg. That=20 is a tremendous amount of work for a three to four pound hen. No = wonder=20 that upon completion of her laying task, she leaves the nest, = never to=20 return. She takes no part in the incubation and raising of her = chicks.=20 This is not your normal evolutionary way!

At this point the male begins to perform his = God-given job=20 of managing the incubation of the deeply buried eggs. For = incubator bird=20 chicks to survive they demand a precise temperature of 91=B0F. Yes, exactly 91=B0F. If the male bird = wants the chicks=20 to survive, he will not let the temperature vary more then one = degree on=20 either side of 91=B0F! How does=20 the daddy bird maintain a consistent temperature of 91=B0F in a mound of decaying = plants and=20 dirt?

Scientists differ on the mechanism they think = the bird=20 uses to measure the temperature. Some think the bird's = thermometer is in=20 its beak. Others believe the tongue can distinguish 91=B0F and a few tenths of a = percent=20 above and below 91=B0F.

Here is the point: How could a bird evolve the = ability to=20 precisely measure temperatures with its beak or tongue? = Evolution says=20 nothing is evolved until it is needed. How would the incubator = bird know=20 it needed the ability to keep its eggs at 91=B0F? The chicks would get = too hot or=20 too cold and die before he figured it out. And dead creatures do = not=20 evolve into higher forms.

You may be asking, "Well, how does this bird = keep those=20 eggs at 91=B0F?" The = male digs=20 down into the nest and checks the temperature. On hot days, he = may pile=20 extra sand on top of the nest to shield it from the sun. He may = even=20 rearrange the entire pile of rotting leaves and grasses several = times a=20 day.

On cooler days, the male megapodes (which means = big feet)=20 will push material off the top of the nest to permit more = sunlight to=20 penetrate the decaying organic material. Or, to keep the = humidity at=20 99.5% around the eggs, he may dig conical holes toward the eggs = to get=20 more moisture deeper into the nest. Keeping temperature and = humidity=20 just right is a big job. Concerning the precision needed for = incubation=20 temperature maintenance, Seymour writes:

"This process is = very=20 precise: one centimeter of fresh material added to the mound can = increase core temperature about 1=BD=B0C." ^[5]=20

Not only must the eggs be kept at 91=B0F and 99.5% humidity, = but the chick=20 must get enough air to breathe. The father provides the fresh = air for=20 the chicks as he daily digs down to the eggs. But the chick must = get the=20 air inside the shell. The means to get air inside the shell was = provided=20 by the hen as she formed the shell. It has thousands of tiny = holes=20 (called pores) in it. These holes in the thick shell are shaped = like=20 conical ice cream cones with the narrowest part of the cone = toward the=20 chick. As the chick grows it cannot get enough air through the = bottom of=20 the cone so it begins to remove the inside layer of the shell. = As it=20 thins out the shell the holes get bigger (moving up the cone) = and the=20 chick can get more air. Amazing!

The way the chicks hatch is also unique among = birds.=20 Unlike other birds, they are ready to fly with full feathers as = soon as=20 they break out of the egg. Once they hatch, it takes up to three = days=20 for them to dig their way up out of the mound. How do they know = they=20 must dig their way out or else they die? They have not been = instructed=20 by either parent. Even so, they lie on their backs and dig up = until they=20 break out. Clearly, the God of the Bible is involved with all = aspects=20 of His creation!

Once the chicks dig out of the nest, they are on = their=20 own. They are not fed or cared for by either parent. When they = are=20 mature, the male will build a huge nest as an incubator for his = mate's=20 eggs. He will build this huge, precise mound without any = instruction=20 from his parents. This is not learned behavior.! How does the = brush=20 turkey know the importance of 91=B0F?

Credentialed men and women have the audacity to = say that=20 this bird is the product of the impersonal plus time plus = chance. But=20 truly, how could the incubator bird even exist? Only if the God = of the=20 Bible lives and is involved with His creatures. =

=20

^[1] Roger S. = Seymour,=20 "The Brush Turkey," Scientific=20 American, Vol. 265, No. 6, December, 1991, pp.=20 108-114.

^[2] Roger Tory = Petersen,=20 Life Nature Library: = The=20 Birds (New York: Time-Life Books, 1973), p.=20 140.

^[3] The New = Encyclopedia=20 Britannica, Vol. 7 = (Chicago:=20 University of Chicago, 1990 edition), p. = 1011.

^[4] Ibid., = Roger=20 Seymour, p. 109.

^[5] Ibid., = Roger=20 Seymour, p. 110.

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